Sarudzo yeMutungamiriri weAmerica, VaDonald Trump, yekusabvisa zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji zvakagadzirwa neChina kubva pamutero mutsva wapa shanduko isingatarisirwe kuhondo yagara ichinetsa yekutengeserana pakati peWashington neBeijing.. Mune danho rakashamisa vaongorori nemakambani epasi rose, iyo 145% mutero wakatanga kunyorera kuChina kunze kwenyika hauzokanganise michina yakaita senharembozha, malaptop, semiconductors, uye zvimwe zvehunyanzvi zvemagetsi zvinhu.
Nhau, dzakauya mukutaura kubva kuUS Customs uye Border Dziviriro, inomiririra chibvumirano chakakosha kumakambani epasi rose tekinoroji. seApple, Nvidia, Dell kana Samsung, mazhinji acho anounganidza nekugadzira akawanda ezvigadzirwa zvavo muChina kana munyika dzingakanganiswa nemitero dai pasina iyi kuregererwa. Chiyero ichi chaizotsvagawo kuve nemhedzisiro kune vatengi nekudzivirira spike mumitengo yekupedzisira yekutengesa.
Ndezvipi zvigadzirwa zvinokanganiswa nekusabatanidzwa?
Midziyo isingabatanidzwe pamutero inosanganisira iPhones, iPads, Macs, komputa processor, hard drive, solar panel, memory makadhi, uye solid-state dhiraivha.. Machina anoshandiswa mukugadzira semiconductor zvakare anoregererwa, kugutsurira kwakajeka kumakambani akadai seTaiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing, ASML, uye Tokyo Electron, ayo ari akakosha kune chip kugadzira cheni.
Chiyero ichi, chichave chichidzokororwa kusvika Kubvumbi 5, chiri kuwedzera kune makumi mapfumbamwe emazuva makumi mapfumbamwe akaziviswa naTrump pakutemerwa kwemitero yenyika dzese kunze kweChina.. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinopinda kana kubuda muUS kubva pazuva iro zvichange zvisingabhadharwe mutero we10% uye 145% mutero wakanangana neChina. Kune chikamu chayo, hofori yeAsia yakapindura nemutero we125% pazvinhu zveAmerica.
Impact paApple uye tech indasitiri
Apple, iyo kugadzirwa kwayo kunovimba inopfuura 90% yemafekitori ari muChina, yaive pakati peakanyanya kuratidzwa kune yakananga mhedzisiro yemitero.. Kuwedzera kwemutero kwakafanana kungadai kwakasimudza mutengo we iPhone kusvika kumadhora zviuru zvitatu nemazana mashanu kune mamwe mamodheru ekupedzisira, maererano nekuverenga kwenyanzvi. Kusavimbika kwakaita kuti vatengi vazhinji vekuAmerica vafungidzire kuwedzera kwemutengo uye zvitoro zvisina chinhu mumazuva anotungamira kuziviswa kwepamutemo kwekuregererwa.
Definitive chiyero kana zororo renguva pfupi?
Nepo kuregererwa kuchimiririra kukunda kweiyo tekinoroji chikamu, nyanzvi dzinoyambira kuti ingori zororo renguva pfupi.. Kuregererwa uku kunobva mugwaro rekutanga raitadzisa kudzokororwa kwemitero pazvigadzirwa zvanga zvagara zvatoshandiswa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti mitsva, miripo yakanangwa inogona kuitwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera, kunyanya pazvinhu zvine zvinhu zvinonzwisa tsitsi zvakaita semiconductors kana tekinoroji ine chekuita nehungwaru hwekugadzira. Panofanirwa kutariswa kuti nzira dzemitengo dzinogona kukanganiswa sei mune ramangwana.
White House yakaburitsa ruzivo rwekuti hurumende iri kushanda patsvakiridzo patsva yekutsamira kune dzimwe nyika pamachipisi nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine hungwaru., izvo zvinogona kutungamira kune yakasarudzika tariff gare gare. Kunyanya, VaTrump vakavimbisa kuisa mimwe mitero kune semiconductors, kunyangwe izvi zvisati zvaitwa zvizere.
Mhinduro yeChina uye chikamu chitsva chekukonana
Zvichakadaro, China haina kugara yakangonyarara. Nyika yeAsia yakaomesa chimiro nekuisa mutero we125% pazvinhu zveUS. uye asimudza kushoropodza kwake maitiro aVaTrump unilateral. Hurumende yeBeijing yakatsanangura matanho emutungamiri weAmerica ekutengeserana senzira yekumanikidza zvisina tsarukano inopikisana nehurongwa hwehupfumi hwenyika.
Pamusoro pemitero, China yakatora mamwe matanho akadai sekumisa zvinhu zvakakosha kunze kwenyika, kurambidza kutengesa zvicherwa kunze kwenyika, uye kuisa makambani eUS pamazita ekutengesa.. Zvese izvi zvinowedzera kuomesa hukama hwehupfumi pakati pemasimba maviri uye zvinowedzera kusagadzikana kune vepasi rose vari kushanda mumisika yese. Izvi zvinogona zvakare kukanganisa kutanga uye kugadzirwa kwemhando nyowani dze iPhone mune ramangwana.
Makakatanwa anewo chimiro chezvematongerwo enyika uye chekufananidzira.. Mutungamiri weChina Xi Jinping akasimbisa pachena kuramba kwake maitiro ekudheerera uye akadana Europe kuti ishande pamwe chete kudzivirira kudyidzana kwepasi rose kwehupfumi kubva pamatanho ekudzivirira.